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        MultiQC: Summarize analysis results for multiple tools and samples in a single report
        Philip Ewels, Måns Magnusson, Sverker Lundin and Max Käller
        Bioinformatics (2016)
        doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btw354
        PMID: 27312411

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        About MultiQC

        This report was generated using MultiQC, version 1.11

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        MultiQC is published in Bioinformatics:

        MultiQC: Summarize analysis results for multiple tools and samples in a single report
        Philip Ewels, Måns Magnusson, Sverker Lundin and Max Käller
        Bioinformatics (2016)
        doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btw354
        PMID: 27312411

        A modular tool to aggregate results from bioinformatics analyses across many samples into a single report.

        Report generated on 2026-05-21, 21:40 based on data in:


        General Statistics

        Showing 224/224 rows and 16/22 columns.
        Sample NameM Reads Mapped% AssignedM Assigned% rRNA% mRNAInsert Size% Dups% AlignedM Aligned% DuplicationGC content% PF% Adapter% GCLengthM Seqs
        G256GSE136173_M01_G256GSE136173_M01
        80.7%
        47.3
        G256GSE136173_M01_primary_unique
        0.2%
        77.9%
        273 bp
        21.7%
        G256GSE136173_M01_sorted
        86.7%
        41.0
        G256GSE136173_M01_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        114.0
        G256GSE136173_M01_statistics_for_primary_reads
        101.5
        G256GSE136173_M01_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        94.6
        G256GSE136173_M02_G256GSE136173_M02
        80.0%
        52.1
        G256GSE136173_M02_primary_unique
        0.1%
        76.3%
        270 bp
        22.6%
        G256GSE136173_M02_sorted
        85.9%
        44.7
        G256GSE136173_M02_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        125.9
        G256GSE136173_M02_statistics_for_primary_reads
        111.8
        G256GSE136173_M02_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        104.2
        G256GSE136173_M03_G256GSE136173_M03
        82.1%
        50.1
        G256GSE136173_M03_primary_unique
        0.2%
        77.9%
        286 bp
        23.9%
        G256GSE136173_M03_sorted
        85.3%
        42.7
        G256GSE136173_M03_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        121.3
        G256GSE136173_M03_statistics_for_primary_reads
        107.7
        G256GSE136173_M03_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        100.2
        G256GSE136173_M04_G256GSE136173_M04
        82.6%
        48.5
        G256GSE136173_M04_primary_unique
        0.3%
        78.2%
        287 bp
        22.8%
        G256GSE136173_M04_sorted
        85.7%
        41.5
        G256GSE136173_M04_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        116.9
        G256GSE136173_M04_statistics_for_primary_reads
        104.1
        G256GSE136173_M04_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        96.9
        G256GSE276094_M05_G256GSE276094_M05
        87.5%
        28.7
        G256GSE276094_M05_primary_unique
        0.0%
        85.9%
        222 bp
        32.6%
        G256GSE276094_M05_sorted
        94.1%
        27.0
        G256GSE276094_M05_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        75.1
        G256GSE276094_M05_statistics_for_primary_reads
        64.6
        G256GSE276094_M05_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        57.4
        G256GSE276094_M06_G256GSE276094_M06
        86.7%
        29.1
        G256GSE276094_M06_primary_unique
        0.0%
        85.3%
        209 bp
        34.5%
        G256GSE276094_M06_sorted
        93.4%
        27.2
        G256GSE276094_M06_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        77.5
        G256GSE276094_M06_statistics_for_primary_reads
        66.2
        G256GSE276094_M06_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        58.3
        G256GSE276094_M07_G256GSE276094_M07
        86.8%
        29.1
        G256GSE276094_M07_primary_unique
        0.0%
        85.9%
        218 bp
        34.0%
        G256GSE276094_M07_sorted
        93.9%
        27.4
        G256GSE276094_M07_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        77.5
        G256GSE276094_M07_statistics_for_primary_reads
        66.1
        G256GSE276094_M07_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        58.3
        G256GSE276094_M08_G256GSE276094_M08
        85.4%
        29.4
        G256GSE276094_M08_primary_unique
        0.0%
        85.3%
        219 bp
        43.3%
        G256GSE276094_M08_sorted
        92.7%
        27.2
        G256GSE276094_M08_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        78.5
        G256GSE276094_M08_statistics_for_primary_reads
        66.6
        G256GSE276094_M08_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        58.8
        G256GSE276094_M09_G256GSE276094_M09
        85.9%
        29.0
        G256GSE276094_M09_primary_unique
        0.0%
        84.9%
        230 bp
        43.1%
        G256GSE276094_M09_sorted
        92.4%
        26.8
        G256GSE276094_M09_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        77.1
        G256GSE276094_M09_statistics_for_primary_reads
        65.7
        G256GSE276094_M09_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        58.1
        G256GSE276094_M10_G256GSE276094_M10
        85.9%
        28.0
        G256GSE276094_M10_primary_unique
        0.0%
        84.3%
        215 bp
        36.2%
        G256GSE276094_M10_sorted
        91.7%
        25.7
        G256GSE276094_M10_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        74.5
        G256GSE276094_M10_statistics_for_primary_reads
        63.5
        G256GSE276094_M10_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        56.0
        G256GSE276094_M11_G256GSE276094_M11
        87.5%
        27.2
        G256GSE276094_M11_primary_unique
        0.0%
        85.9%
        224 bp
        33.0%
        G256GSE276094_M11_sorted
        93.6%
        25.4
        G256GSE276094_M11_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        70.2
        G256GSE276094_M11_statistics_for_primary_reads
        60.8
        G256GSE276094_M11_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        54.4
        G256GSE276094_M12_G256GSE276094_M12
        87.5%
        28.7
        G256GSE276094_M12_primary_unique
        0.0%
        86.0%
        234 bp
        33.4%
        G256GSE276094_M12_sorted
        94.0%
        27.0
        G256GSE276094_M12_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        74.3
        G256GSE276094_M12_statistics_for_primary_reads
        64.2
        G256GSE276094_M12_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        57.4
        G256GSE276094_M13_G256GSE276094_M13
        87.1%
        28.5
        G256GSE276094_M13_primary_unique
        0.0%
        85.8%
        217 bp
        33.0%
        G256GSE276094_M13_sorted
        93.7%
        26.7
        G256GSE276094_M13_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        74.0
        G256GSE276094_M13_statistics_for_primary_reads
        63.8
        G256GSE276094_M13_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        56.9
        G256GSE276094_M14_G256GSE276094_M14
        84.9%
        27.0
        G256GSE276094_M14_primary_unique
        0.0%
        85.0%
        226 bp
        43.0%
        G256GSE276094_M14_sorted
        92.1%
        24.9
        G256GSE276094_M14_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        71.2
        G256GSE276094_M14_statistics_for_primary_reads
        60.9
        G256GSE276094_M14_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        54.0
        G256GSE276094_M15_G256GSE276094_M15
        85.2%
        27.9
        G256GSE276094_M15_primary_unique
        0.0%
        84.5%
        228 bp
        40.6%
        G256GSE276094_M15_sorted
        91.9%
        25.6
        G256GSE276094_M15_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        73.0
        G256GSE276094_M15_statistics_for_primary_reads
        62.6
        G256GSE276094_M15_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        55.7
        G256GSE276094_M16_G256GSE276094_M16
        85.2%
        26.9
        G256GSE276094_M16_primary_unique
        0.0%
        84.3%
        229 bp
        43.4%
        G256GSE276094_M16_sorted
        91.8%
        24.7
        G256GSE276094_M16_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        70.4
        G256GSE276094_M16_statistics_for_primary_reads
        60.4
        G256GSE276094_M16_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        53.9
        G256GSE293314_M17_G256GSE293314_M17
        86.6%
        34.0
        G256GSE293314_M17_primary_unique
        0.7%
        89.6%
        566 bp
        23.9%
        G256GSE293314_M17_sorted
        96.2%
        32.7
        G256GSE293314_M17_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        75.0
        G256GSE293314_M17_statistics_for_primary_reads
        70.8
        G256GSE293314_M17_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        68.0
        G256GSE293314_M18_G256GSE293314_M18
        87.0%
        35.3
        G256GSE293314_M18_primary_unique
        1.0%
        89.8%
        534 bp
        25.6%
        G256GSE293314_M18_sorted
        96.3%
        34.0
        G256GSE293314_M18_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        77.7
        G256GSE293314_M18_statistics_for_primary_reads
        73.5
        G256GSE293314_M18_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        70.6
        G256GSE293314_M19_G256GSE293314_M19
        87.0%
        33.5
        G256GSE293314_M19_primary_unique
        0.9%
        89.8%
        545 bp
        26.2%
        G256GSE293314_M19_sorted
        96.3%
        32.3
        G256GSE293314_M19_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        73.8
        G256GSE293314_M19_statistics_for_primary_reads
        69.8
        G256GSE293314_M19_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        67.1
        G256GSE293314_M20_G256GSE293314_M20
        82.8%
        32.9
        G256GSE293314_M20_primary_unique
        1.0%
        89.3%
        651 bp
        36.4%
        G256GSE293314_M20_sorted
        96.3%
        31.7
        G256GSE293314_M20_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        72.2
        G256GSE293314_M20_statistics_for_primary_reads
        68.4
        G256GSE293314_M20_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        65.8
        G256GSE293314_M21_G256GSE293314_M21
        82.7%
        31.8
        G256GSE293314_M21_primary_unique
        0.6%
        89.0%
        637 bp
        35.5%
        G256GSE293314_M21_sorted
        96.1%
        30.5
        G256GSE293314_M21_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        69.9
        G256GSE293314_M21_statistics_for_primary_reads
        66.1
        G256GSE293314_M21_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        63.6
        G256GSE293314_M22_G256GSE293314_M22
        81.7%
        30.8
        G256GSE293314_M22_primary_unique
        0.9%
        88.8%
        619 bp
        34.8%
        G256GSE293314_M22_sorted
        95.9%
        29.5
        G256GSE293314_M22_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        67.9
        G256GSE293314_M22_statistics_for_primary_reads
        64.2
        G256GSE293314_M22_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        61.6
        G256GSE293314_M23_G256GSE293314_M23
        84.6%
        34.0
        G256GSE293314_M23_primary_unique
        0.3%
        84.0%
        430 bp
        37.1%
        G256GSE293314_M23_sorted
        93.1%
        31.7
        G256GSE293314_M23_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        78.3
        G256GSE293314_M23_statistics_for_primary_reads
        72.6
        G256GSE293314_M23_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        68.1
        G256GSE293314_M24_G256GSE293314_M24
        85.9%
        42.5
        G256GSE293314_M24_primary_unique
        0.4%
        86.9%
        467 bp
        40.4%
        G256GSE293314_M24_sorted
        94.9%
        40.3
        G256GSE293314_M24_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        96.3
        G256GSE293314_M24_statistics_for_primary_reads
        89.9
        G256GSE293314_M24_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        85.0
        G256GSE293314_M25_G256GSE293314_M25
        86.1%
        34.1
        G256GSE293314_M25_primary_unique
        0.4%
        86.6%
        412 bp
        36.3%
        G256GSE293314_M25_sorted
        94.6%
        32.3
        G256GSE293314_M25_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        77.7
        G256GSE293314_M25_statistics_for_primary_reads
        72.3
        G256GSE293314_M25_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        68.2
        G256GSE293314_M26_G256GSE293314_M26
        84.0%
        36.2
        G256GSE293314_M26_primary_unique
        0.5%
        87.8%
        466 bp
        40.8%
        G256GSE293314_M26_sorted
        95.6%
        34.6
        G256GSE293314_M26_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        82.0
        G256GSE293314_M26_statistics_for_primary_reads
        76.4
        G256GSE293314_M26_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        72.4
        G256GSE293314_M27_G256GSE293314_M27
        83.9%
        35.0
        G256GSE293314_M27_primary_unique
        0.8%
        87.8%
        524 bp
        41.2%
        G256GSE293314_M27_sorted
        95.7%
        33.5
        G256GSE293314_M27_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        78.7
        G256GSE293314_M27_statistics_for_primary_reads
        73.6
        G256GSE293314_M27_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        70.0
        G256GSE293314_M28_G256GSE293314_M28
        83.2%
        32.2
        G256GSE293314_M28_primary_unique
        0.6%
        87.3%
        398 bp
        36.5%
        G256GSE293314_M28_sorted
        95.5%
        30.7
        G256GSE293314_M28_statistics_for_all_accepted_reads
        73.0
        G256GSE293314_M28_statistics_for_primary_reads
        68.0
        G256GSE293314_M28_statistics_for_primary_unique_reads
        64.3
        SRR10027394_1
        13.2%
        50.3%
        94.8%
        12.4%
        50%
        150 bp
        58.6
        SRR10027394_2
        51%
        150 bp
        58.6
        SRR10027395_1
        14.0%
        50.3%
        94.4%
        14.0%
        50%
        150 bp
        65.1
        SRR10027395_2
        51%
        150 bp
        65.1
        SRR10027396_1
        14.7%
        50.6%
        94.9%
        10.8%
        50%
        150 bp
        61.0
        SRR10027396_2
        51%
        150 bp
        61.0
        SRR10027397_1
        13.5%
        50.6%
        94.5%
        9.1%
        50%
        150 bp
        58.6
        SRR10027397_2
        51%
        150 bp
        58.6
        SRR30495203_1
        22.8%
        49.9%
        100.0%
        1.4%
        50%
        100 bp
        31.6
        SRR30495203_2
        50%
        100 bp
        31.6
        SRR30495204_1
        21.2%
        49.8%
        100.0%
        1.4%
        50%
        100 bp
        32.7
        SRR30495204_2
        50%
        100 bp
        32.7
        SRR30495205_1
        22.0%
        49.7%
        100.0%
        1.4%
        50%
        100 bp
        31.8
        SRR30495205_2
        50%
        100 bp
        31.8
        SRR30495206_1
        17.5%
        49.5%
        100.0%
        1.7%
        49%
        100 bp
        32.7
        SRR30495206_2
        50%
        100 bp
        32.7
        SRR30495207_1
        17.2%
        49.3%
        100.0%
        1.5%
        49%
        100 bp
        32.8
        SRR30495207_2
        49%
        100 bp
        32.8
        SRR30495208_1
        17.5%
        49.7%
        100.0%
        1.7%
        50%
        100 bp
        31.1
        SRR30495208_2
        50%
        100 bp
        31.1
        SRR30495209_1
        20.0%
        49.4%
        100.0%
        1.8%
        49%
        100 bp
        32.6
        SRR30495209_2
        49%
        100 bp
        32.6
        SRR30495210_1
        26.7%
        49.5%
        100.0%
        1.7%
        50%
        100 bp
        33.8
        SRR30495210_2
        49%
        100 bp
        33.8
        SRR30495211_1
        24.5%
        49.7%
        100.0%
        2.0%
        50%
        100 bp
        34.4
        SRR30495211_2
        50%
        100 bp
        34.4
        SRR30495212_1
        18.8%
        49.2%
        100.0%
        1.4%
        49%
        100 bp
        33.6
        SRR30495212_2
        49%
        100 bp
        33.6
        SRR30495213_1
        20.1%
        48.9%
        100.0%
        1.4%
        49%
        100 bp
        33.6
        SRR30495213_2
        49%
        100 bp
        33.6
        SRR30495214_1
        17.0%
        49.2%
        100.0%
        1.3%
        49%
        100 bp
        32.8
        SRR30495214_2
        49%
        100 bp
        32.8
        SRR32914425_1
        16.5%
        51.6%
        95.1%
        3.4%
        52%
        150 bp
        37.7
        SRR32914425_2
        51%
        150 bp
        37.7
        SRR32914426_1
        20.2%
        51.4%
        96.1%
        3.3%
        51%
        150 bp
        38.4
        SRR32914426_2
        51%
        150 bp
        38.4
        SRR32914427_1
        20.4%
        51.7%
        95.9%
        3.2%
        52%
        150 bp
        39.7
        SRR32914427_2
        51%
        150 bp
        39.7
        SRR32914428_1
        12.4%
        51.0%
        96.1%
        2.7%
        51%
        150 bp
        38.5
        SRR32914428_2
        50%
        150 bp
        38.5
        SRR32914429_1
        12.4%
        51.0%
        96.0%
        3.1%
        51%
        150 bp
        40.6
        SRR32914429_2
        50%
        150 bp
        40.6
        SRR32914430_1
        9.9%
        50.7%
        95.8%
        3.2%
        51%
        150 bp
        39.2
        SRR32914430_2
        50%
        150 bp
        39.2
        SRR32914431_1
        18.8%
        49.7%
        94.9%
        2.4%
        50%
        150 bp
        38.7
        SRR32914431_2
        49%
        150 bp
        38.7
        SRR32914432_1
        22.7%
        49.8%
        96.1%
        2.3%
        50%
        150 bp
        41.7
        SRR32914432_2
        49%
        150 bp
        41.7
        SRR32914433_1
        21.8%
        49.9%
        95.6%
        2.4%
        50%
        150 bp
        43.1
        SRR32914433_2
        49%
        150 bp
        43.1
        SRR32914434_1
        18.7%
        49.7%
        95.9%
        2.9%
        50%
        150 bp
        39.6
        SRR32914434_2
        49%
        150 bp
        39.6
        SRR32914435_1
        20.9%
        49.7%
        95.7%
        2.7%
        50%
        150 bp
        49.5
        SRR32914435_2
        49%
        150 bp
        49.5
        SRR32914436_1
        19.5%
        48.6%
        94.8%
        2.5%
        49%
        150 bp
        40.3
        SRR32914436_2
        48%
        150 bp
        40.3

        RSeQC

        RSeQC package provides a number of useful modules that can comprehensively evaluate high throughput RNA-seq data.

        Infer experiment

        Infer experiment counts the percentage of reads and read pairs that match the strandedness of overlapping transcripts. It can be used to infer whether RNA-seq library preps are stranded (sense or antisense).

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        featureCounts

        Subread featureCounts is a highly efficient general-purpose read summarization program that counts mapped reads for genomic features such as genes, exons, promoter, gene bodies, genomic bins and chromosomal locations.

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        Picard

        Picard is a set of Java command line tools for manipulating high-throughput sequencing data.

        Insert Size

        Plot shows the number of reads at a given insert size. Reads with different orientations are summed.

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        Mark Duplicates

        Number of reads, categorised by duplication state. Pair counts are doubled - see help text for details.

        The table in the Picard metrics file contains some columns referring read pairs and some referring to single reads.

        To make the numbers in this plot sum correctly, values referring to pairs are doubled according to the scheme below:

        • READS_IN_DUPLICATE_PAIRS = 2 * READ_PAIR_DUPLICATES
        • READS_IN_UNIQUE_PAIRS = 2 * (READ_PAIRS_EXAMINED - READ_PAIR_DUPLICATES)
        • READS_IN_UNIQUE_UNPAIRED = UNPAIRED_READS_EXAMINED - UNPAIRED_READ_DUPLICATES
        • READS_IN_DUPLICATE_PAIRS_OPTICAL = 2 * READ_PAIR_OPTICAL_DUPLICATES
        • READS_IN_DUPLICATE_PAIRS_NONOPTICAL = READS_IN_DUPLICATE_PAIRS - READS_IN_DUPLICATE_PAIRS_OPTICAL
        • READS_IN_DUPLICATE_UNPAIRED = UNPAIRED_READ_DUPLICATES
        • READS_UNMAPPED = UNMAPPED_READS
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        RnaSeqMetrics Assignment

        Number of bases in primary alignments that align to regions in the reference genome.

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        RnaSeqMetrics Strand Mapping

        Number of aligned reads that map to the correct strand.

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        Gene Coverage

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        Samtools

        Samtools is a suite of programs for interacting with high-throughput sequencing data.

        Samtools Flagstat

        This module parses the output from samtools flagstat. All numbers in millions.

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        STAR

        STAR is an ultrafast universal RNA-seq aligner.

        Alignment Scores

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        Gene Counts

        Statistics from results generated using --quantMode GeneCounts. The three tabs show counts for unstranded RNA-seq, counts for the 1st read strand aligned with RNA and counts for the 2nd read strand aligned with RNA.

           
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        fastp

        fastp An ultra-fast all-in-one FASTQ preprocessor (QC, adapters, trimming, filtering, splitting...)

        Filtered Reads

        Filtering statistics of sampled reads.

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        Insert Sizes

        Insert size estimation of sampled reads.

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        Sequence Quality

        Average sequencing quality over each base of all reads.

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        GC Content

        Average GC content over each base of all reads.

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        N content

        Average N content over each base of all reads.

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        FastQC

        FastQC is a quality control tool for high throughput sequence data, written by Simon Andrews at the Babraham Institute in Cambridge.

        Sequence Quality Histograms

        The mean quality value across each base position in the read.

        To enable multiple samples to be plotted on the same graph, only the mean quality scores are plotted (unlike the box plots seen in FastQC reports).

        Taken from the FastQC help:

        The y-axis on the graph shows the quality scores. The higher the score, the better the base call. The background of the graph divides the y axis into very good quality calls (green), calls of reasonable quality (orange), and calls of poor quality (red). The quality of calls on most platforms will degrade as the run progresses, so it is common to see base calls falling into the orange area towards the end of a read.

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        Per Sequence Quality Scores

        The number of reads with average quality scores. Shows if a subset of reads has poor quality.

        From the FastQC help:

        The per sequence quality score report allows you to see if a subset of your sequences have universally low quality values. It is often the case that a subset of sequences will have universally poor quality, however these should represent only a small percentage of the total sequences.

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        Per Base Sequence Content

        The proportion of each base position for which each of the four normal DNA bases has been called.

        To enable multiple samples to be shown in a single plot, the base composition data is shown as a heatmap. The colours represent the balance between the four bases: an even distribution should give an even muddy brown colour. Hover over the plot to see the percentage of the four bases under the cursor.

        To see the data as a line plot, as in the original FastQC graph, click on a sample track.

        From the FastQC help:

        Per Base Sequence Content plots out the proportion of each base position in a file for which each of the four normal DNA bases has been called.

        In a random library you would expect that there would be little to no difference between the different bases of a sequence run, so the lines in this plot should run parallel with each other. The relative amount of each base should reflect the overall amount of these bases in your genome, but in any case they should not be hugely imbalanced from each other.

        It's worth noting that some types of library will always produce biased sequence composition, normally at the start of the read. Libraries produced by priming using random hexamers (including nearly all RNA-Seq libraries) and those which were fragmented using transposases inherit an intrinsic bias in the positions at which reads start. This bias does not concern an absolute sequence, but instead provides enrichement of a number of different K-mers at the 5' end of the reads. Whilst this is a true technical bias, it isn't something which can be corrected by trimming and in most cases doesn't seem to adversely affect the downstream analysis.

        Click a sample row to see a line plot for that dataset.
        Rollover for sample name
        Position: -
        %T: -
        %C: -
        %A: -
        %G: -

        Per Sequence GC Content

        The average GC content of reads. Normal random library typically have a roughly normal distribution of GC content.

        From the FastQC help:

        This module measures the GC content across the whole length of each sequence in a file and compares it to a modelled normal distribution of GC content.

        In a normal random library you would expect to see a roughly normal distribution of GC content where the central peak corresponds to the overall GC content of the underlying genome. Since we don't know the the GC content of the genome the modal GC content is calculated from the observed data and used to build a reference distribution.

        An unusually shaped distribution could indicate a contaminated library or some other kinds of biased subset. A normal distribution which is shifted indicates some systematic bias which is independent of base position. If there is a systematic bias which creates a shifted normal distribution then this won't be flagged as an error by the module since it doesn't know what your genome's GC content should be.

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        Per Base N Content

        The percentage of base calls at each position for which an N was called.

        From the FastQC help:

        If a sequencer is unable to make a base call with sufficient confidence then it will normally substitute an N rather than a conventional base call. This graph shows the percentage of base calls at each position for which an N was called.

        It's not unusual to see a very low proportion of Ns appearing in a sequence, especially nearer the end of a sequence. However, if this proportion rises above a few percent it suggests that the analysis pipeline was unable to interpret the data well enough to make valid base calls.

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        Sequence Length Distribution

        All samples have sequences of a single length (100bp , 150bp). See the General Statistics Table.

        Sequence Duplication Levels

        The relative level of duplication found for every sequence.

        From the FastQC Help:

        In a diverse library most sequences will occur only once in the final set. A low level of duplication may indicate a very high level of coverage of the target sequence, but a high level of duplication is more likely to indicate some kind of enrichment bias (eg PCR over amplification). This graph shows the degree of duplication for every sequence in a library: the relative number of sequences with different degrees of duplication.

        Only sequences which first appear in the first 100,000 sequences in each file are analysed. This should be enough to get a good impression for the duplication levels in the whole file. Each sequence is tracked to the end of the file to give a representative count of the overall duplication level.

        The duplication detection requires an exact sequence match over the whole length of the sequence. Any reads over 75bp in length are truncated to 50bp for this analysis.

        In a properly diverse library most sequences should fall into the far left of the plot in both the red and blue lines. A general level of enrichment, indicating broad oversequencing in the library will tend to flatten the lines, lowering the low end and generally raising other categories. More specific enrichments of subsets, or the presence of low complexity contaminants will tend to produce spikes towards the right of the plot.

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        Overrepresented sequences

        The total amount of overrepresented sequences found in each library.

        FastQC calculates and lists overrepresented sequences in FastQ files. It would not be possible to show this for all samples in a MultiQC report, so instead this plot shows the number of sequences categorized as over represented.

        Sometimes, a single sequence may account for a large number of reads in a dataset. To show this, the bars are split into two: the first shows the overrepresented reads that come from the single most common sequence. The second shows the total count from all remaining overrepresented sequences.

        From the FastQC Help:

        A normal high-throughput library will contain a diverse set of sequences, with no individual sequence making up a tiny fraction of the whole. Finding that a single sequence is very overrepresented in the set either means that it is highly biologically significant, or indicates that the library is contaminated, or not as diverse as you expected.

        FastQC lists all of the sequences which make up more than 0.1% of the total. To conserve memory only sequences which appear in the first 100,000 sequences are tracked to the end of the file. It is therefore possible that a sequence which is overrepresented but doesn't appear at the start of the file for some reason could be missed by this module.

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        Adapter Content

        The cumulative percentage count of the proportion of your library which has seen each of the adapter sequences at each position.

        Note that only samples with ≥ 0.1% adapter contamination are shown.

        There may be several lines per sample, as one is shown for each adapter detected in the file.

        From the FastQC Help:

        The plot shows a cumulative percentage count of the proportion of your library which has seen each of the adapter sequences at each position. Once a sequence has been seen in a read it is counted as being present right through to the end of the read so the percentages you see will only increase as the read length goes on.

        Flat image plot. Toolbox functions such as highlighting / hiding samples will not work (see the docs).


        Status Checks

        Status for each FastQC section showing whether results seem entirely normal (green), slightly abnormal (orange) or very unusual (red).

        FastQC assigns a status for each section of the report. These give a quick evaluation of whether the results of the analysis seem entirely normal (green), slightly abnormal (orange) or very unusual (red).

        It is important to stress that although the analysis results appear to give a pass/fail result, these evaluations must be taken in the context of what you expect from your library. A 'normal' sample as far as FastQC is concerned is random and diverse. Some experiments may be expected to produce libraries which are biased in particular ways. You should treat the summary evaluations therefore as pointers to where you should concentrate your attention and understand why your library may not look random and diverse.

        Specific guidance on how to interpret the output of each module can be found in the relevant report section, or in the FastQC help.

        In this heatmap, we summarise all of these into a single heatmap for a quick overview. Note that not all FastQC sections have plots in MultiQC reports, but all status checks are shown in this heatmap.

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